English Grammar in simple words could be described as a “Reflection of the English language”. Language started with sounds which transformed into words, phrases and sentences. The sum-up of the complete knowledge and understandability of language is known as Grammar. To learn a language, learning Grammar is not required but to understand the language efficiently, the knowledge of Grammar is quite important. In this article, we will be helping the students to learn, understand, and execute English Grammar in their daily routine.
English Grammar
English Grammar is the foundation for all of our writing and speaking skills in the English language. The first topic to understand English Grammar is Parts of Speech that has been taught at the school level at the beginning of the English language learning process. In English Grammar, some Parts of Speech can perform the functions of other parts of speech too. English Grammar is not always easy to understand, but with the details in the article, you should be able to understand the rules of English usage and speak or write English with confidence.
English Grammar Topics
The students must have a solid foundation and strong command of English Grammar to make themselves fluent in the language. Below are some components and topics of English Grammar that are important to learn about grammar more efficiently.
Elements of English Grammar
| English Grammar Topics | ||
| S No. | Topics | Definition |
| 1 | Parts of Speech | Parts of Speech can be defined as words that execute different roles in a sentence. |
| 2 | Noun | Naming words are called nouns. Types- Proper Noun, Collective Noun, Common Noun, Abstract Noun, Material Noun, Concrete Noun, Countable Noun, Uncountable Noun |
| 3 | Pronoun | A Pronoun is a word that we use as a replacement for a noun in a sentence to avoid the repetition of a noun. Types- Possessive Pronoun, Reflexive Pronoun, Relative Pronoun, Personal Pronoun |
| 4 | Verb | A verb is a word or group of words that is used in a sentence to indicate that something happens or exists. Types- Auxiliary Verbs, Mains Verbs, Transitive & Intransitive Verbs |
| 5 | Adverb | Adverb of Manner and Quality, Adverb of Place, Adverb of Time, Adverb of Quantity and Range, Adverb of Number and Frequency, etc. |
| 6 | Adjective | A word that modifies a noun or noun phrase and describes its referent. There are a total of 8 types of Adjectives |
| 7 | Preposition | A Preposition is the word or group of words used before or after the nouns and pronouns in a sentence to establish a a meaningful relationship between the words. |
| 8 | Conjunction | The conjunction is a word that we use to make connections in a sentence. |
| 9 | Interjections | A word or phrase that is grammatically independent from the words around it, and mainly expresses feeling rather than meaning. |
| 10 | One Word Substitution | One-Word Substitution refers to those types of questions where a sentence or a phrase is simply replaced by a word that describes the whole sentence. |
| 11 | Types of Sentences | A sentence is defined as a group of words containing a subject and a verb expressing the complete sense of a statement, or a question. |
| 12 | Punctuation | Punctuation is not part of oral grammar, but it is essential to master written English. |
| 13 | Tenses | In English grammar, tense is a category that expresses time reference. |
| 14 | Articles | An article is a short monosyllabic word that is used to define if the noun is specific or not. |
| 15 | Phrasal Verbs | a verb that is combined with an adverb or a preposition, or sometimes both, to give a new meaning. |
| 16 | Idioms and Phrases | an expression whose meaning is different from the meanings of the individual words in it. |
| 17 | Determiners | Determiners are used in front of nouns to identify things (this book, my sister). |
| 18 | Quantifiers | Quantifiers are used in front of nouns to say how much or how many (a few people, a lot of problems). |
| 19 | Connectors | Connectors “connect” phrases, words, or clauses to one another. |
| 20 | Speech | When we report what someone says, we can cite the person directly or indirectly. |
| 21 | Possessives | Possessives are forms that we use to talk about possessions and relationships between things and people. |
| 22 | Clauses | A clause is a group of words that has both a subject and a predicate. |
| 23 | Subject and Predicate | |
| 24 | Opposite Words | |
| 25 | Letter Writing | |
| 26 | Notice Writing | |
| 27 | Email Writing | |
| 28 | Article Writing | |
| 29 | Active and Passive Voice | |
| 30 | Direct and Indirect Speech | |
English Grammar Rules
Although there are hundreds of different grammar rules in English, the important ones to be remembered are discussed below. Before understanding English Grammar, you must be aware of some simple rules and tips to help you avoid mistakes in English grammar.
1. Punctuation is the basic factor to be considered when learning English Grammar. A sentence must always start with a capital letter and ends with a full stop, a question mark or an exclamation mark as per the sense of the sentence.
2. In every sentence, a subject & verb are mandatory while an object can be optional. The pattern of any sentence follows the order Subject-Verb-Object, however, in negative sentences the order may be different.
3. As per the rules of English Grammar, Adjectives come before a noun unless a verb separates the adjective from the noun in a sentence.
4. A singular subject needs a singular verb and a plural subject needs a plural verb.
5. As per English Grammar when in a sentence, two singular subjects are connected by or, use a singular verb. The same goes with the use of either/or and neither/nor.
6. There is a difference between the use of ‘its/it’s’, your/you’re, and there/ their/they’re having different meanings in the sentence.
7. A proper noun is a “name” of something and the first alphabet of the proper noun should be written in capital letters.
8. In English Grammar, many or few are used with countable nouns and much/a lot or little is used for uncountable nouns